• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Hybrid drive assembly for a motor vehicle, with a main transmission (4) and with an electric machine (10) arranged in a hybrid module (6), the said machine having a rotor (14) that rotates within a rotational space (38). The hybrid module (6) and the main transmission (4) share a common oil system, whose oil temperature is measured. A device (62, 64) is provided, which, if a limit value of the oil temperature is exceeded, influences the oil level (58) in the oil sump in the rotational space (38) of the electric machine (10) in such manner that the rotor (14) is immersed in the oil in the oil sump and can take up oil and throw it off again.Fig. 4
    公开号:SE1551313A1
    申请号:SE1551313
    申请日:2015-10-12
    公开日:2016-04-25
    发明作者:Rayk Gersten
    申请人:Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Hvbrid driveline for a motor vehicle The invention concerns a hybrid drive assembly for a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of Claim l.
    Electric machines in parallel hybrid drive-trains of motor vehicles can be decoupled fromdirect restriction to the rotational speed range of the internal combustion engine by theuse of an additional step-up or step-down stage, a so-terrned high-drive stage, whichprovides a functional drive arrangement between the driveshaft of an internal combustionengine and the input shaft of a vehicle transmission. Such a high-drive stage enables theuse of electric machines with high rotational speeds having a high mass-power density, ascan be realized for example in perrnanently energized synchronous machines. In this waythe increasing demand for expensive materials such as rare earth metals and copper,which are needed for the production of modem electric motors, can be reduced, therebyconserving raw material resources and saving manufacturing costs. In addition theinstallation space and the weight of the electric machine can be reduced. The lowertorque of a smaller electric machine can be compensated by a higher rotational speedcompared with a rotational speed of a drive input shaft of the vehicle°s transmission. Theadaptation of the higher rotational speeds of electric machines to a required transmission input rotational speed is effected by virtue of a transmission ratio of the high-drive stage.
    From DE 10 2013 2ll 225 Al by the present applicant a hybrid drive assembly for amotor vehicle with an electric machine is known, which is in driving connection, by wayof a high-drive stage, with a transmission of the vehicle. The vehicle transmission is anautomated shift transmission comprising, on the input side, a two-stage, synchronizedsplitter group, a multi-gear, claw-shifted main transmission with a reversing gear stage,and a two-stage, claw-shifted range group in drive connection downstream therefrom.The splitter group and the main transmission are of countershaft design, whereas therange group is a planetary structure. The electric machine is a perrnanently energizedsynchronous machine arranged on the transmission input side. It comprises a stator androtor and is designed for relatively high rotational speeds, which are adapted to lowertransmission input rotational speeds by means of the high-drive stage. The high-drive stage is in the form of a planetary gearset comprising a central sun gear, an outer ring gear and a planetary carrier. On the planetary carrier, a number of planetary gearwheels aremounted to rotate, these meshing with the ring gear and the sun gear between which theyrotate. The sun gear is drive-connected to the rotor of the electric machine, whereas theplanetary carrier is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a transmission input shaftand can be drive-connected on the drive input side to an intemal combustion engine bymeans of a starting or separator clutch. The ring gear is perrnanently fixed to a housing.Between the rotor of the electric machine and the transmission input shaft, by virtue ofthe high-drive stage, there is a rotational gear ratio such that the rotational speed of theelectric machine, when the latter is operating as a motor, is stepped down to a slowerspeed at the transmission input. If the vehicle is in overdrive operation and if thereforethe electric machine is being operated as a generator, then the transmission inputrotational speed is stepped up to a higher value at the electric machine. The vehicletransmission also has an oil pump driven by a transmission output shaft, and this supplieslubricating and cooling oil both to the vehicle transmission and to the electric machine and the high-drive stage.
    Furthermore, from DE l0 2014 209 056 Al by the present applicant a hybrid driveassembly is known, which comprises a main transmission with a transmission input shaftand a transmission housing, an electric machine that comprises a stator and a rotor, whichcan be operated as a motor and a generator and which is arranged on the input side of themain transmission, and a planetary gearset arranged between the rotor and thetransmission input shaft, wherein the transmission input shaft has a central oil bore andtransverse bores for the supply of oil to the planetary gearset and the electric machine,wherein the planetary gearset and the electric machine are arranged in a hybrid housing,and wherein the hybrid housing is connected to the transmission housing of the main transmission by way of an oil retum pipe.
    A relatively small and fast-rotating electric machine in combination with a high-drivestage requires increased cooling to carry away the considerable amount of heat that theygenerate during operation. This can be achieved, for example, by surrounding the statorof the electric machine with a water jacket and in addition, as described in DE l0 2013,2ll 225 Al, by supplying lubricating and cooling oil from an oil circuit of the vehicletransmission to the components of the electric machine. However, since only a small and limited fraction of the volume flow of lubricating and cooling oil from an oil pump can be diverted away from the transmission, until now the electric power of the electric machineonce a certain temperature threshold has been exceeded is automatically throttled down inorder to protect the electric machine and the components around it from overheating andpossible damage. This so-terrned “derating” of the electric machine can result in asignificant temporary reduction of the available electric drive power or generatorperformance in the drive-train and thereby have an adverse effect on driving comfort anddrive power. The incorporation of a larger oil pump, which would constantly deliver alarger volume flow of lubricating and cooling oil, does not seem very appropriate sincethat would result in higher drag losses in the transmission, it would take up more structural installation space, and it would increase manufacturing costs.
    Against this background the purpose of the present invention is to describe a hybrid driveassembly for a motor vehicle, a motor vehicle equipped with it and a method whereby acutback of the power of an electric machine in the drive-train can be avoided or at least delayed.
    This objective is achieved by the characteristics specified in the principal claim, whileadvantageous design features and further developments of the invention emerge from the subordinate claims.
    The invention is based on the recognition that in a parallel hybrid drive-train of a motorvehicle a smaller electric machine can be used without disadvantage if its greater heat output due to higher rotational speeds can be counteracted by more effective cooling.
    Accordingly, the invention starts with a hybrid drive assembly of a motor vehicle havinga vehicle transmission and an electric machine arranged in an attachment module. In theattachment module the rotor of the electric machine rotates in a rotational space. Theattachment module and the vehicle transmission share a common oil system. The oil temperature in the oil system is measured and thereby monitored.
    To achieve the stated objective, the invention provides that in the hybrid drive assembly adevice is provided which, if a predeterrnined limit value of the oil temperature isexceeded, influences and changes the level of oil in the oil sump in the rotational space of the electric machine. In this case the influence takes place in such manner that the rotor can be immersed in the oil in the oil sump. The rotor can be immersed in the oil when the level of oil in the oil sump rises compared with its extent otherwise.
    During normal operation below the temperature limit, the effort is made not to allow therotor to rotate in the oil within the oil sump, in order to avoid losses due to splashing theoil in the oil sump. The attachment module is then lubricated by dry sump lubrication bythe oil brought in centrally by way of the driveshaft. In the situation of an elevatedtemperature, however, the rotor should be able to take up oil by immersion and throw itoff as it rotates. The oil is transported by the rotor through the air gap between the rotorand the stator inwardly around the whole of the stator and flung out laterally onto thewindings. In that way the dry sump lubrication is supplemented by immersion lubrication and this maximizes the amount of heat transported through the electric machine.
    As soon as the temperature again falls below the temperature limit, the level of the oil inthe oil sump in the rotational space is corrected again and the lubrication is changed back again to dry sump lubrication alone.
    The invention can be applied to particularly good advantage by using an oil retum pipeprovided between the attachment module and the vehicle transmission, such that thedevice according to the invention opens or closes this oil retum pipe. In this way the pipethat forms the connection between the attachment module and the transmission can be used to vary the available oil capacity and thereby influence the oil distribution.
    If the oil in the rotational space of the electric machine°s rotor rises above a maximumfilling level, then in an advantageous version of the invention an overflow is provided,which connects the rotational space to the oil retum pipe. The connection between theoverflow and the oil retum pipe is positioned such that it opens into the oil retum pipebetween the device according to the invention and the vehicle transmission. This ensuresthat the oil level in the rotational space cannot raise high enough to produce negative effects on the arrangement.
    Advantageously, a control unit can be provided which is connected to the device. Thecontrol unit controls a valve in the device when the oil temperature limit value is exceeded, which valve then opens or closes the oil retum pipe. This provides an effective way of reacting to the rising temperature and adapting the oil f1lling quantity quickly andappropriately.
    In another, simpler and cheaper version the device comprises a therrnostat, which opensor closes the oil return pipe. Such an embodiment can adapt the oil filling quantity as afunction of the temperature without the need for an additional control unit. That alsoapplies to a further advantageous design, in which the device comprises a temperature-dependent bimetallic system which opens or closes the oil retum pipe. For this, abimetallic strip can for example be connected to a closing cover of the oil retum pipe,which changes its shape if the temperature limit is exceeded and brings the closing cover to a position where it closes off the oil retum pipe.
    The invention also includes a method of cooling an electric machine rotating in arotational space, which is supplied with oil. The oil temperature is measured, and if an oiltemperature limit value is exceeded, the oil level in the oil sump in the rotational space ofthe electric machine is influenced. This influencing takes place in such manner that theoil level in the oil sump in the rotational space rises so that the rotor in the oil sump canbe immersed. The rotor can then take up oil and throw it off again onto the components of the electric machine.
    As an advantageous design of the method, the draining of oil out of the oil sump isinfluenced so that the oil level rises in the rotational space of the electric machine. Asdescribed above, this influence can be exerted by the various closing mechanisms of theoil retum pipe. In this way the oil level in the rotational space can be simply andeffectively varied whereas the oil supply remains unchanged. In another advantageousembodiment, the oil flowing in is influenced in such manner that the oil flow into therotational space of the electric machine is increased by increasing the oil volume flow ifthe temperature limit is exceeded. The delivery pump temporarily conveys more oil, so that the oil in the rotational space of the electric machine rises.
    The invention is explained in more detail with reference to drawings, which show: Fig. l: A schematic representation of a known hybrid assembly Fig. 2: A known hybrid assembly with attachment module Fig. 3: A device according to the invention below the temperature limit Fig. 4: A device according to the invention above the temperature limit Fig. l shows a schematic representation of a hybrid drive assembly 2, which comprises amain transmission 4 and a hybrid module 6. The main transmission 4 has a transmissioninput shaft 8, a number of gear steps for forward gears and a gear step for a reverse gearR. The hybrid module comprises an electric machine l0 with a stator l2 and a rotor l4,as well as a planetary gearset 16, which is connected on the one hand to the rotor l4 andon the other hand to the transmission input shaft 8. The planetary gearset l6 comprisesthree parts, namely a sun gear l8, a web or planetary carrier 20 and a ring gear 22, whichlatter is supported on the housing. Thus, between the rotor l4 and the transmission input shaft 8 there acts a stationary gear ratio of the planetary gearset l6.
    The transmission input shaft 8 is connected to an intemal combustion engine (not shown)by way of a clutch 24. Thus, the hybrid assembly 2 is a parallel hybrid. Furthermore, themain transmission 4 has a transmission output shaft 26 which drives an oil pump 28 thatsupplies both the main transmission 4 and the hybrid module 6 with oil. The electricmachine l0 is preferably in the form of a commercially available perrnanently energizedsynchronous machine and can be operated both as a motor and as a generator. Theperrnanently energized synchronous machine (PSM) is preferably designed to have arelatively high rotational speed, in order to increase the power density and to reduce theuse of expensive materials. Thus, the planetary gearset l6 acts as a step-down gear stagebetween the higher rotational speed of the rotor l4 and the lower rotational speed of the transmission input shaft 8.
    Fig. 2 shows a hybrid housing 30 of the hybrid module 6, in which the electric machinel0 comprising the stator l2 and the rotor l4 is accommodated. The rotor rotates in therotational space 38 of the hybrid module 6. Between the hybrid housing 30 and the statorl2 is arranged an annular cooling channel 32, through which there flows cooling mediumfrom a cooling circuit (not shown) for the intemal combustion engine of the motorvehicle. The cooling channel 32 is delimited on the outside by an outer wall 34, which isin this case part of the hybrid housing 30, and on the inside by a f1nned cooling mantle 36.Thus, the cooling channel 32 is delimited on its radially inner side by the cooling mantle 36 and on its radially outer side by the outer wall 34, the cooling mantle 36 being inserted into the hybrid housing 30 and sealed on both sides of the cooling channel 32. The oilsupplied by way of the transmission input shaft (not shown here) passes into an oil sumpin the lower part of the hybrid housing 30, wherein the oil sump has an oil chamber 40arranged on the left in the drawing and an oil chamber 42 arranged on the right in thedrawing - i.e. on both sides of the electric machine l0. In the drawing, under the electricmachine l0 there is arranged an oil cooling space 44 which has an inlet opening 46 andan outlet opening 48 and is in flow connection with the two oil chambers 40, 42 of the oilsump. Onto the hybrid housing 30 is attached an oil retum pipe 50. Thus, the oil retumpipe 50 is in flow connection with the oil sump of the main transmission 4 (not shownhere). As can be seen from the drawing, the oil retum pipe 50 is arranged atapproximately the same level as the outlet opening 48 of the oil cooling space 44, so thatthe oil flow to be retumed can drain away without further flow diversions or obstacles, i.e. in a relatively loss-free manner, back into the oil sump of the main transmission 4.
    Fig. 3 shows a section of the hybrid module 6. Oil flows past the rotor l4 and the statorl2 as indicated by the two oil-flow arrows 52 and 54, and after passing through the twooil chambers 40 and 42, flows into the oil retum pipe 50. The oil level 56 of the maintransmission 4, indicated by broken lines, and the oil level 58 of the hybrid module 6, alsoindicated by broken lines, are alike and are positioned at the same level. The rotationalspace 38 of the rotor l4 is connected to the oil retum pipe 50 by way of an overflow 60.In front of the outlet opening 48 in the oil retum pipe 50 is provided a closing flap 62which is arranged on a therrnostat 64. Fig. 3 shows the closing flap 62 in its open condition, so that oil can interchange between the oil levels 56 and 58.
    Fig. 4 shows the same view of the hybrid module as Fig. 3. In Fig. 4, however, theclosing flap 62 has now been displaced into its closed condition by the therrnostat 64 tothe extent that the outlet opening 48 is largely blocked. Depending on the design of theclosing flap 62, at most only small oil flows 66 or 68 can still pass beyond the closingflap 62. Owing to this closing of the outlet opening 48, the oil level 58 in the hybridmodule 6 rises, while the oil level 56 in the main transmission 4 remains very largely thesame. Accordingly the rotor l4 can be immersed in the oil at the oil level 58 and, duringrotation thereof, can take up and carry oil which it then distributes in the electric machinel0. The oil level 58 rises at most up to the overflow 60. The oil flow 70 can drain away into the oil retum pipe 50 by way of the overflow 60.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1] 1. Hybrid drive assembly for a motor vehicle, with a main transmission (4) and with anelectric machine (10) arranged in a hybrid module (6), the machine having a rotor (14)that rotates within a rotational space (38), wherein the hybrid module (6) and the maintransmission (4) share a common oil system, whose oil temperature is measured,characterized in that a device (62, 64) is provided, which, if a limit value of the oiltemperature is exceeded, influences the oil level(58) in the oil sump in the rotationalspace (3 8) of the electric machine (10) in such manner that the rotor (14) is immersed in oil in the oil sump in the rotational space and can take up oil and throw it off again.
    [2] 2. Hybrid drive assembly according to Claim 1, characterized in that the device (62,64) opens or closes an oil retum pipe (50) between the hybrid module (6) and the main transmission (4).
    [3] 3. Hybrid drive assembly according to Claim 2, characterized in that an overflow (60)is provided, which connects the rotational space (3 8) to the oil retum pipe (50) between the device (62, 64) and the main transmission (4).
    [4] 4. Hybrid drive assembly according to Claims 2 or 3, characterized in that a controlunit is provided, which is connected to the device and which, when the oil temperature limit value is exceeded, controls a valve of the device that opens or closes the oil retum pipe (50).
    [5] 5. Hybrid drive assembly according to Claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the device comprises a therrnostat (64) which opens or closes the oil retum pipe (50).
    [6] 6. Hybrid drive assembly according to Claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the device comprises a temperature-dependent bimetallic device, which opens or closes the oil retum pipe (50).
    [7] 7. Method for cooling an electric machine (10) rotating in a rotational space (38) with oil,characterized in that the oil temperature is measured and if an oil temperature limit value is exceeded, the oil level (58) in the oil sump in the rotational space (38) of the electric machine (10) is influenced in such manner that the rotor (14) can be immersed inthe oil in the oil sump, take up oil, and throw it off onto components of the electric machine (10).
    [8] 8. Method according to Claim 7, characterized in that a draining of the oil out of the oilsump in the rotational space is influenced in such manner that the oil level (58) in the rotational space (38) of the electric machine (10) rises.
    [9] 9. Method according to Claim 7, characterized in that the inflow of oil into therotational space (38) of the electric machine (10) is increased so that the oil level in the rotational space (3 8) of the electric machine (10) rises.
    [10] 10. Vehicle With a hybrid drive assembly according to any of Claims 1 to 6.
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    法律状态:
    2017-04-18| NAV| Patent application has lapsed|
    优先权:
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    DE102014221667.2A|DE102014221667A1|2014-10-24|2014-10-24|Hybrid drive arrangement of a motor vehicle|
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